He aha nā palapala hōʻoia huahana e koi ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā kīʻaha wai i nā ʻāina like ʻole a puni ka honua?

Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai honua, hoʻokuʻu akuʻōmole waiua lilo i ʻoihana koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻāina he nui.Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa i nā ʻāina like ʻole nā ​​kūlana hōʻoia like ʻole no nā kīʻaha wai i lawe ʻia mai, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi mea koʻikoʻi e kaohi ana i ka lawe ʻana aku.No laila, ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā kīʻaha wai, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i nā koi hōʻoia huahana o nā ʻāina like ʻole.

ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā kākou i ka mākeke ʻEulopa.I ʻEulopa, ʻo ka hōʻoia CE ka mea nui loa.ʻO ka hōʻoia CE he palapala koi koi ʻo EU e uhi ana i ka nui o nā huahana a koi i nā huahana e hoʻokō i nā lula a me nā kūlana EU.Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau kūlana hōʻoia kūikawā ma ʻEulopa, e like me ka palapala TUV o Kelemania, ka palapala IMQ o Italia, etc.

A laila, nānā mākou i ka mākeke ʻAmelika ʻAmelika.Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, koi ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia FDA.ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia FDA he palapala hōʻoia mai ka US Food and Drug Administration, nona ka manaʻo e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā huahana i lawe ʻia me nā kūlana palekana o ka meaʻai a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.Ma Kanada, pono ka palapala hōʻoia Health Canada.He palapala hōʻoia ʻo Health Canada mai Health Canada, e like me ka palapala FDA.ʻO kāna kumu nui e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā huahana i lawe ʻia me nā kūlana olakino a me ka palekana o Kanada.

Ma waho aʻe o nā mākeke ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, he mea nui hoʻi ka mākeke ʻAsia.Ma Kina, koi ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia CCC.ʻO ka hōʻoia CCC ka palapala koi koi a Kina, e pili ana i nā huahana a pau i lawe ʻia mai a koi i nā huahana e hoʻokō me nā kūlana palekana o Kina.Ma Iapana, pono ka palapala JIS a me ka palapala PSE.ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia JIS kahi kūlana ʻoihana Iapana a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia i ka mākeke Iapana, ʻoiai ʻo ka PSE hōʻoia he palapala hōʻoia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke kānāwai palekana uila o Iapana.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻokoʻa nā kūlana hōʻoia no nā kīʻaha wai i lawe ʻia mai kēlā me kēia ʻāina.Loaʻa i nā ʻāina like ʻole nā ​​kūlana hōʻoia a me nā koi, e koi ana i nā mea hoʻolako e hoʻomaopopo pono a hoʻonohonoho pono ma mua o ka lawe ʻana aku.ʻO nā kīʻaha wai wale nō i kūpono i nā kūlana hōʻoia kūloko hiki ke komo i ka mākeke o ka ʻāina.No laila, pono e hoʻomaopopo nā mea hoʻolako i nā kūlana maʻamau o ka mākeke kūloko e hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia ʻana o kā lākou huahana a komo pono i ka mākeke kūloko.