ʻO nā plastic biodegradable VS nā plastic i hana hou ʻia

ʻO nā plastic biodegradable VS nā plastic i hana hou ʻia
ʻO ka plastik kekahi o nā mea waiwai nui i ka ʻoihana hou. Wahi a nā ʻikepili mai kā mākou World in Data, mai 1950 a i 2015, ua hana nā kānaka i ka huina o 5.8 biliona tons o ka ʻōpala palaka, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 98% i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, haʻalele ʻia a puhi ʻia paha. He kakaikahi wale no a hiki i ka 2% i hana hou ia.

Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka makasina Science, ma muli o kāna kuleana mākeke honua ma ke ʻano he kumu hana honua, ʻo Kina ke kūlana mua ma ka honua i ka nui o nā plastics ʻōpala, helu no 28%. ʻAʻole hoʻohaumia wale kēia mau palaka ʻōpala i ke kaiapuni a hoʻopilikia i ke olakino, akā noho pū kekahi i nā waiwai waiwai waiwai. No laila, ua hoʻomaka ko mākou ʻāina e hoʻopili nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka haumia keʻokeʻo.

I loko o nā makahiki he 150 ma hope o ka hana ʻia ʻana o ka plastic, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻekolu mau ʻōpala ʻōpala plastik nui ma ka Moana Pākīpika ma muli o ka hana ʻana o nā au kai.

ʻO 1.2% wale nō o 65 mau makahiki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka honua i hana hou ʻia, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ke koena i kanu ʻia ma lalo o nā wāwae kanaka, e kali ana no 600 mau makahiki e hoʻohaʻahaʻa.

Wahi a nā helu IHS, ʻo ka papa noi plastik honua i ka makahiki 2018 ka mea nui i ka pā paʻi, helu no 40% o ka mākeke. ʻO ka pollution plastic honua ka mea nui i hele mai mai ka māla paʻi, helu no 59%. ʻAʻole wale ʻo Packaging plastic ke kumu nui o ka pollution keʻokeʻo, akā loaʻa pū kekahi i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka disposable (inā hana hou ʻia, kiʻekiʻe ka helu o nā pōʻaiapuni), paʻakikī ke hana hou (ua hoʻopuehu ʻia nā kahawai no ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka haʻalele ʻana), nā koi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a koi maʻiʻo haumia kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO nā plastic biodegradable a me nā plastic recycled ʻelua mau koho no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia haumia keʻokeʻo.
Pākīpika biodegradable

ʻO nā plastic biodegradable e pili ana i nā plastik nona nā huahana hiki ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka hana no ka hoʻohana ʻana, e hoʻololi ʻole ʻia i ka wā mālama, a hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā mea pōʻino ʻole o ke kaiapuni ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe kūlohelohe ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana.

0 1 Ke kaʻina hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā plastic degradable

0 2Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā plastic degradable

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā plastic biodegradable e nā ʻano hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea maka.

E like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻano hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā plastic degradable i ʻehā mau ʻāpana: nā plastic biodegradable, nā plastic photodegradable, nā kiʻi a me nā plastic biodegradable, a me nā plastics degradable water.

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i oʻo ka ʻenehana o nā plastic photodegradable a me nā kiʻi a me nā plastic biodegradable, a he liʻiliʻi nā huahana ma ka mākeke. No laila, ʻo nā plastic degradable i ʻōlelo ʻia ma hope nei, ʻo ia nā plastic biodegradable a me nā plastic degradable water.

E like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā mea maka, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā plastic degradable i nā plastic degradable bio-based a me nā plastic degradable petroleum.
ʻO nā plastic biodegradable nā ​​plastik i hana ʻia mai ka biomass, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumu ikehu kuʻuna e like me ka ʻaila. Hoʻokomo nui lākou i ka PLA (polylactic acid), PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate), PGA (polyglutamic acid), etc.

ʻO nā plastic degradable hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ʻaila he mau mea i hana ʻia me ka ikehu fossil e like me nā mea maka, ka mea nui me ka PBS (polybutylene succinate), PBAT (polybutylene adipate/terephthalate), PCL (polycaprolactone) ester) etc.

0 3 Nā pono o nā plastic degradable

Loaʻa i nā plastik biodegradable ko lākou mau pono i ka hana, hana pono, degradability, a me ka palekana.

Ma keʻano o ka hana, hiki i nā plastic degradable ke hiki aʻoi aku paha ma mua o ka hana o nā plastics kuʻuna ma kekahi mau wahi kiko'ī;

Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, loaʻa i nā plastik degradable ka hana noi like a me ka hana maʻemaʻe i nā plastik kuʻuna like;

Ma keʻano o ka degradability, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa kokeʻia nā plastics degradable i loko o ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe (nā microorganisms kiko'ī, ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa) ma hope o ka hoʻohanaʻana, a lilo i mau'āpana a iʻole nā ​​kinoea kinoʻole i hoʻohana maʻalahiʻia e ke kaiapuni, e ho'ēmi ana i ka hopena i ke kaiapuni;

Ma ke ʻano o ka palekana, ʻo nā mea i hana ʻia a waiho ʻia paha i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā plastic degradable ʻaʻole ia e pōʻino i ke kaiapuni a ʻaʻole e pili i ke ola o ke kanaka a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke keʻakeʻa nui loa i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā plastik kahiko i kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu kūʻai o nā plastik degradable ma mua o nā plastik kahiko like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​​​polokalamu hana hou.

No laila, i nā noi e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni mahiʻai he pōkole pōkole, paʻakikī ke hana hou a hoʻokaʻawale, loaʻa nā koi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a loaʻa nā koi ʻike haumia kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā plastic degradable e like me nā koho.

palaki hana hou
ʻO nā plastic i hoʻohana hou ʻia e pili ana i nā mea palaka i loaʻa ma ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā palaka ʻōpala ma o nā ʻano kino a i ʻole kemika e like me ka pretreatment, melt granulation, a me ka hoʻololi.

ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa o nā plastic recycled ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea hou a me nā plastic degradable. Wahi a nā pono hana like ʻole, hiki ke hana ʻia kekahi mau waiwai o nā plastics a hiki ke hana ʻia nā huahana like.

Inā ʻaʻole i nui ka nui o nā pōʻai, hiki i nā plastic recycled ke mālama i nā waiwai like me nā plastik kahiko, a i ʻole hiki iā lākou ke mālama i nā waiwai paʻa ma ka hui ʻana i nā mea hana hou me nā mea hou. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o nā pōʻai he nui, emi nui ka hana o nā plastic recycled a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia.
Eia kekahi, paʻakikī i nā plastic recycled e mālama i ka hana maʻemaʻe maikaʻi aʻo ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai. No laila, kūpono nā plastic recycled no nā wahi liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā pōʻai a ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe nā koi no ka hana maʻemaʻe.

0 1

Kaʻina hana ʻilika i hana hou ʻia

0 2 Nā hoʻololi hana o nā plastik maʻamau ma hope o ka hana hou ʻana
'Ōlelo: Melt index, the fluidity of plastic materials during processing; viscosity kiko'ī, the static viscosity of liquid per unit volume

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia
Pākīpika biodegradable
VS i hoʻohana hou ʻia

1 Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā plastik degradable, ma muli o kā lākou hana paʻa a haʻahaʻa i nā kumukūʻai recycling, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā noi e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni mahiʻai he pōkole a paʻakikī ke hana hou a hoʻokaʻawale; ʻoiai he haʻahaʻa nā kumukūʻai hoʻoheheʻe hou ʻana i nā plastik recycled. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai a me ke kumukūʻai hana i nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi e like me nā mea hana o kēlā me kēia lā, nā mea kūkulu hale, a me nā mea uila i lōʻihi ka hoʻohana ʻana a maʻalahi ke ʻano a hana hou. Hoʻopiha nā mea ʻelua i kekahi i kekahi.

2

ʻO ka pollution keʻokeʻo mai ke kahua paʻi, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lumi e pāʻani ai i nā plastic degradable. Me ka hoʻolaha kulekele a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai, ʻo ka mākeke plastic degradable e hiki mai ana he ākea ākea.

Ma ke kahua o ka hoʻopili ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā plastic degradable. He ākea loa nā kahua hoʻohana o nā plastic, a he ʻokoʻa nā koi no nā plastics.
ʻO nā koi no nā plastics i nā kaʻa, nā mea hana hale a me nā māla ʻē aʻe he mau lōʻihi a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻokaʻawale, a he nui ka nui o ka plastic hoʻokahi, no laila ua paʻa ke kūlana o nā plastics kuʻuna. I loko o nā kīhāpai e like me nā ʻeke plastik, nā pahu ʻaina awakea, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni mulch, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka hōʻike, ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā monomers plastic, ua maʻalahi lākou i ka haumia a paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi. ʻO kēia ka mea e lilo ai nā plastic degradable i mea pani no nā plastik maʻamau i kēia mau māla. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia e ka ʻōnaehana koi honua no nā plastic degradable i ka makahiki 2019. ʻO ka noi no nā plastic degradable ka mea nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ke kahua paʻa, me ka hoʻopili paʻa a me ka paʻa paʻa paʻa e helu ana no 53% i ka huina.

Ua hoʻokumu mua ʻia nā plastic biodegradable ma ʻEulopa Komohana a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a ua hoʻomaka e hana ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia kā lākou wahi noi i ka ʻoihana hoʻopili. I ka makahiki 2017, ua helu ʻia nā ʻeke kūʻai a me nā ʻeke hana i ka hapa nui loa (29%) o ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā plastic degradable ma Western Europe; i ka makahiki 2017, ʻo ka hōʻaiʻē meaʻai, nā pahu ʻaina awakea a me nā papa ʻaina i helu ʻia no ka hapa nui loa (53%) o ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā plastic degradable ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. )

Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: ʻO nā plastic biodegradable kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka haumia keʻokeʻo ma mua o ka hana hou ʻana i ka plastik.

ʻO 59% o ka pollution keʻokeʻo e loaʻa mai i ka ʻeke a me nā huahana plastik kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā plastics no kēia ʻano hoʻohana a paʻakikī ke hana hou ʻana, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono lākou no ka hana hou ʻana i ka plastic. Hiki i nā plastic degradable wale ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka pollution keʻokeʻo.

No nā māla kūpono o nā plastics degradable, ʻaʻole ʻo ka hana ka bottleneck, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai ke kumu nui e kaupalena ana i ka mākeke i hoʻololi ʻia i nā plastics kuʻuna e nā plastic degradable.